Adaptive Reversible Visible Watermarking Based on Total Variation for BTC-Compressed Images
Source abstract
Abstract
Few previous Reversible Visible Watermarking (RVW) schemes have both good transparency and watermark visibility. An adaptive RVW scheme that integrates Total Variation and visual perception in Block Truncation Coding (BTC) compressed domain, called TVB-RVW is proposed in this paper. A new mean image estimation method for BTC-compressed images is first developed with the help of Total Variation. Then, a visual perception factor computation model is devised by fusing texture and luminance characteristics. An adaptive watermark embedding strategy is used to embed the visible watermark with the effect of the visual perception factor in the BTC domain. Moreover, a lossless embedding method of the encrypted visible watermark is exploited to deter illegal watermark removal. The visible watermark can be removed since the visual perception factor and the estimated mean image remain unchanged before and after watermark embedding. Extensive experiments validate the superiority of the proposed algorithm over previous RVW schemes in BTC in terms of the visual quality of watermarked images and watermark visibility, and it can achieve a good balance between transparency and watermark visibility.
Source: openalex_inverted_index · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques · Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption · Video Coding and Compression Technologies
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (42)
Show source-provided references
1. Detecting seam carved images using uniform local binary patterns10.1007/s11042-018-6470-y ↗
2. Preservation mechanism of network electronic records based on broadcast-storage network in urban construction10.32604/jnm.2019.05920 ↗
3. Color image triple zero-watermarking using decimal-order polar harmonic transforms and chaotic system10.1016/j.sigpro.2020.107864 ↗
4. A blind color digital image watermarking method based on image correction and eigenvalue decomposition
5. Generalized patchwork algorithm for image watermarking10.1007/s00530-003-0097-0 ↗
6. A linguistic steganography based on word indexing compression and candidate selection10.1007/s11042-018-6072-8 ↗
7. A RONI based visible watermarking approach for medical image authentication10.1007/s10916-017-0795-3 ↗
8. Adaptive removable visible watermarking technique using dual watermarking for digital color images10.1007/s11042-017-4931-3 ↗
9. Improved reversible visible image watermarking based on HVS and ROI-selection10.1007/s11042-018-6812-9 ↗
10. Seam carving based visible watermarking robust to removal attacks10.1016/j.jksuci.2021.03.010 ↗
11. A contrast-sensitive visible watermarking scheme10.1109/MMUL.2006.23 ↗
12. Wavelet domain adaptive visible watermarking10.1049/el:20010838 ↗
13. An automatic visible watermark detection method using total variation
14. Visible watermarking images in high quality of data hiding10.1007/s11227-013-0969-9 ↗
15. Diffusion weighted image reversible visible watermarking algorithm based on support vector regression
16. Research on reversible visible watermarking algorithms based on vectorization compression method10.1093/comjnl/bxaa184 ↗
17. Lossless visible watermarking
18. Separable and reversible data hiding in encrypted images using parametric binary tree labeling10.1109/TMM.2018.2844679 ↗
19. Reversible data hiding in encrypted images by reversible image transformation10.1109/TMM.2016.2569497 ↗
20. Reversible data hiding with optimal value transfer10.1109/TMM.2012.2229262 ↗
21. Independent embedding domain based two-stage robust reversible watermarking10.1109/TCSVT.2019.2915116 ↗
22. Research on reversible visible watermarking technique
23. Architecture design and field programmable gate array implementation of removable visible image watermarking for digital camera images using a private key10.2352/J.ImagingSci.Technol.2014.58.6.060502 ↗
24. Lossless visible watermarking for copyright protection of H.263 videos
25. Reversible visible watermarking and lossless recovery of original images10.1109/TCSVT.2006.884011 ↗
26. F. Mintzer, J. B. Lotspiech and N. Morimoto, “Safeguarding digital library contents and users: Digital watermarking,” 1997. [Online]. Available: http://www.dlib.org/dlib/december97/ibm/12lotspiech.html.10.1045/december97-lotspiech ↗
27. Reversible visible watermarking technique for images
28. Visible watermarking assessment metrics based on just noticeable distortion10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2883322 ↗
29. A DCT domain visible watermarking technique for images
30. A high secure reversible visible watermarking scheme
31. A contrast-sensitive reversible visible image watermarking technique10.1109/TCSVT.2009.2017401 ↗
32. Secure reversible visible image watermarking with authentication
33. Generic lossless visible watermarking−A new approach10.1109/TIP.2010.2040757 ↗
34. Reversible visible watermarking with lossless data embedding based on difference value shift10.1080/10798587.2011.10643145 ↗
35. An algorithm for removable visible watermarking10.1109/TCSVT.2005.858742 ↗
36. A removable visible watermark for digital images
37. Removable visible image watermarking algorithm in the discrete cosine transform domain
38. Contrast-adaptive removable visible watermarking (CARVW) mechanism10.1016/j.imavis.2013.02.002 ↗
39. More secure lossless visible watermarking by DCT10.1007/s11042-017-4753-3 ↗
40. A secure removable visible watermarking for BTC compressed images10.1007/s11042-013-1714-3 ↗
41. Lossless visible watermarking based on adaptive circular shift operation for BTC-compressed images10.1007/s11042-016-3757-8 ↗
42. Absolute moment block truncation coding and its application to color images10.1109/TCOM.1984.1095973 ↗