Energy Efficiency Trade-off with Spectral Efficiency in MIMO Systems

5G technology can greatly improve spectral efficiency (SE) and throughput of wireless communications. In this regard, multiple input multiple output (MIMO) technology has become the most influential technology using huge antennas and user equipment (UE). However, the use of MIMO in 5G wireless technology will increase circuit power consumption and reduce energy efficiency (EE). In this regard, this article proposes an optimal solution for weighing SE and throughput tradeoff with energy efficiency. The research work is based on the Wyner model of uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) transmission under the multi-cell model scenario. The SE-EE trade-off is carried out by optimizing the choice of antenna and UEs, while the approximation method based on the logarithmic function is used for optimization. In this paper, we analyzed the combination of UL and DL power consumption models and precoding schemes for all actual circuit power consumption models to optimize the trade-off between EE and throughput. The simulation results show that the SE-EE trade-off has been significantly improved by developing UL and DL transmission models with the approximation method based on logarithmic functions. It is also recognized that the throughput-EE trade-off can be improved by knowing the total actual power consumed by the entire network.