Roles of Liquid Interface with Delicate Nanoarchitectonics for Molecular Recognition, Analysis, Reaction, Molecular Machine, Microrobot, and Life

Ultimate functional materials could be functional substances found in biological systems. The organization of biological organizations can be described as a rational entity composed of functional small molecules and objects. It is becoming increasingly evident that liquid interfaces play a pivotal role in the development of sophisticated biological functions. It is therefore the case that the present review discusses the subject of nanoarchitectonics in the context of liquid interfaces as the environment. Specifically, the focus is on molecular recognition, analytical techniques, specific reactions, control of molecular machines and microrobots at liquid interfaces, and regulation of biological phenomena utilizing liquid interface environments. These examples will illustrate the role of liquid interfaces in achieving delicate nanoarchitectonics. The electronic properties are modulated in accordance with the variations in dielectric natures, extending perpendicularly to the interface. This enables delicate control of intermolecular interactions. Concurrently, the application of delicate forces within the interface direction facilitates precise structural adjustments of molecular structures analogous to those observed in biological systems. This theme is positioned as the convergence of chemistry (Chem) and nanotechnology/nanoarchitectonics (Nano) for materials (Mat) creation. This paper reveals the unexpectedly important role liquid interfaces can play within this context.