Advances in Flexible Non‐Enzymatic Two‐Dimensional Material‐Based Electrochemical Biosensors for Glucose Detection

Long‐term monitoring of blood glucose is of great significance for diabetes management and the construction of highly sensitive biosensors. Two‐dimensional (2D) nanomaterials such as graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), and MXenes are an excellent choice for non‐enzymatic glucose sensors due to the high surface area, tailored chemistry, and remarkable electronic properties. This review aims to encompass works by taking examples of flexible non‐enzymatic 2D material‐based glucose sensors in terms of design and sensing mechanisms, as well as performance investigations and integration into wearable devices. Non‐enzymatic glucose sensors are discussed. Non‐enzymatic glucose sensors detect glucose by direct electrochemical oxidation on functional 2D‐material electrodes, avoiding the problems of enzymatic instability. We discuss how 2D materials contribute to improved sensitivity and low detection limits by providing large active surface areas and fast electron transport. Key performance parameters such as sensitivity, linearity, limit of detection (LOD), selectivity, stability under mechanical stress, and long‐term operation are examined based on recent literature. Flexible and wearable glucose biosensors, such as sweat patches and textile‐based devices use 2D materials for real‐time non‐invasive monitoring. Printing, nanocomposite coatings, and fiber‐shaped structures integrate these materials into flexible electrodes. These sensors offer high sensitivity and stability, though challenges remain in biofluid reliability, scalable production, and biocompatibility. Continued advances could enable point‐of‐care and continuous health monitoring.