Photo/electrocatalytic Reduction of CO₂ to C2+ Products on MOF‐Based Catalysts

Abstract Efficient conversion of CO₂ to valuable fuels is a desired approach to reduce global warming effect and remit sustained fossil fuel demand. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), a class of crystalline porous materials with unique features, have been widely studied for potential applications in varied fields. Recently, photo/electrocatalytic reduction of CO₂ to two or more carbons (C2+) products has attracted extensive attention because of their higher market values than one carbon (C1). However, the major products of CO₂ reduction currently are carbon monoxide, formate, or methane, which are all typical C1 products. Generally, for photocatalytic reduction of CO₂ system, relatively low efficiency of electron transfer with inadequate capability results sluggish kinetics of C−C coupling. And for electrocatalysis, high current densities curtail the stability, which limits selectivity towards C2+ products. In this review, we provide very latest reports that have make some breakthroughs to overcome the above difficulties in photo/electrocatalytic reduction of CO₂ to C2+ products using MOF‐based materials. Special emphases are given on design strategies of synthetic MOF‐based catalysts and the mechanisms of catalytic CO₂ to C2+ products. The challenges and prospects of photo/electrocatalytic reduction of CO₂ to C2+ products associated with MOF‐based materials are also discussed.