journal article·2024-08-12Open access

Magnetic Anisotropy and Interactions in Hard/Soft Core/Shell Nanoarchitectures: The Role of Shell Thickness

Alexander Omelyanchik, Silvia Villa, Federico Locardi, Anna Maria Ferretti, Alessandro Ponti, Gurvinder Singh, Gianni Barucca, Sawssen Slimani, Anna Del Tedesco, Pietro Riello, Bogdan Rutkowski, Marianna Vasilakaki, George Margaris, Kalliopi N. Trohidou, Davide Peddis

Abstract

In this work, the influence of shell thickness on the magnetic behavior of hard cobalt ferrite (CoFe 2 O 4 ) nanoparticles coated with one or more layers of magnetically soft nickel ferrite (NiFe 2 O 4 ) was investigated. The materials were chosen as model soft and hard magnetics due to their significant difference in the magnetic anisotropy constant, which spans 2 orders of magnitude. The obtained magnetic nanoarchitectures are compositionally graded single crystals, i.e., they comprise a crystallographic coherence of core and shell with no visible core–shell interface at the atomic level. The CoFe 2 O 4 core exhibited an average size of ∼9 nm, while the NiFe 2 O 4 shells were engineered with varying thicknesses of ∼1, 3, and 6 nm. The core/shell nanoarchitectures behave as a single magnetic unit, i.e., in the rigid exchange coupling regime. Nonmonotonic variation of the coercivity with the shell thickness is observed that is attributed to the competition of the different magnetic anisotropies, such as magneto-crystalline and surface, interplaying with the interparticle dipolar interactions. The experimental findings are in good qualitative agreement with Monte Carlo simulation results for a mesoscopic model that includes both the nanoparticle morphology and interparticle interactions.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: Magnetic Properties and Synthesis of Ferrites · Magnetic properties of thin films · Characterization and Applications of Magnetic Nanoparticles

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry (DCIC), University of Genova, Genova 16126, Italy

Istituto di Struttura della Materia, CNR, nMLab, Monterotondo Scalo 00015, Italy

Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”, CNR, Via G. Fantoli 16/15, Milano 20138, Italy

Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”, CNR, Via C. Golgi 19, Milano 20133, Italy

School of Biomedical Engineering, Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2008, Australia

Dipartimento di Scienze e Ingegneria della Materia dell’Ambiente ed Urbanistica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60131, Italy

Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Via Torino 155, Venezia Mestre 30172, Italy

AGH University of Krakow, Faculty of Metals Engineering and Industrial Computer Science, Al. A. Mickiewicza 30, Krakow 30-059, Poland

National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Athens 15310, Greece

Funding

European Commission · Ministero dell'Universit? e della Ricerca · Greek Research & Technology Network

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