journal article·2014-10-28

Factors Influencing the Conductivity of Aqueous Sol(ution)–Gel-Processed Al-Doped ZnO Films

Hanne Damm, Peter Adriaensens, Christopher De Dobbelaere, Boris Capon, Ken Elen, Jeroen Drijkoningen, Bert Conings, Jean V. Manca, Jan D’Haen, Christophe Detavernier, Pieter C. M. M. Magusin, Joke Hadermann, An Hardy, Marlies K. Van Bael

Chemistry of Materials· Volume 26· Issue 20
Publisher page

Abstract

Solution processing of Al-doped ZnO (AZO) is interesting from an economical point of view for reducing synthesis and deposition costs in comparison to that for vacuum methods. Several (aqueous) chemical solution deposition routes have been explored for AZO, but the question that has never been answered is how state-of-the-art conductivity is achieved. Here, we fine tune an aqueous solution precursor for AZO, resulting in resistivities within the 10 –3 Ohm cm range after a reductive treatment. Profound insights are gained through the study of the density of the film, the crystal phase, the optimum Al doping, and the effect of Al positioning in the ZnO lattice, as determined by 27 Al magic-angle-spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR) spectroscopy in combination with 1 H NMR, in order to understand the conductivity mechanism. As the conductivity of the AZO films drops as a function of time, the position of Al is studied with respect to the observance of charge carriers using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The influences of all of these different factors on conductivity are summarized in a general overview.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: ZnO doping and properties · Electronic and Structural Properties of Oxides · Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Institute for Materials Research, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium

IMEC Division, IMOMEC, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium

SoPPoM Program, SIM (Flemish Strategic Initiative on Materials), 9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium

Applied and Analytical Chemistry, Institute for Materials Research, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium

Department of Solid State Sciences, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281/S1, 9000 Ghent, Belgium

Materials Physics, Institute for Materials Research, Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium

Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 23 - bus 2461, 3001 Leuven, Belgium

EMAT, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium

Funding

Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek · Strategic Initiative Materials in Flanders

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