DataVXChemistry of MaterialsPaper
journal article·2016-05-10Open access

Electrochemical Lithiation Cycles of Gold Anodes Observed by In Situ High-Energy X-ray Diffraction

Philipp Bach, Irais Valencia-Jaime, Uta Rütt, Olof Gutowski, Aldo H. Romero, Frank U. Renner

Chemistry of Materials· Volume 28· Issue 9
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Source abstract

Abstract

Significant developments of Li-ion batteries will be necessary to cope with the growing demands in electromobility or home storage of (sustainable) electrical energy. A detailed knowledge on the microscopic processes during battery cycling will be increasingly crucial for improvements. Involved phase changes at ambient temperature often involve metastable intermediate states, making both experimental observation and theoretical prediction of process pathways difficult. Here we describe an in situ high energy X-ray diffraction study following the initial alloying and dealloying of Li with an Au thin-film model anode using ionic liquid electrolyte. Six different crystalline alloy phases were observed to be involved in the cyclic phase transitions. Apart from the highest lithiated phase determined in this study, Li 3 Au, none of the observed phases could be related to known, thermodynamically stable Li–Au phases. Structural search calculations following the minima hopping method (MHM) allowed the assignment of these phases to distinct metastable Au–Li alloy unit cells.
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Research context

Energy storageMetals & alloys

OpenAlex topics: Advancements in Battery Materials · Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication · Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium

Department of Interface Chemistry and Surface Engineering, Max-Planck Institut für Eisenforschung, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, Germany

Center for Electrochemical Sciences — CES, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany

Centro de Investigacion y Estudios Avanzados del IPN, MX-76230 Santiago de Querétaro, Querétaro México

Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506-6315, United States

German Electron Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany

IMEC vcs IMOMEC, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium

Funding

Bundesministerium f?r Bildung und Forschung · American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund · Division of Materials Research

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